Brain-eating amoebas, scientifically known as Naegleria, are single-celled organisms that live in warm, fresh-water bodies such as lakes, rivers and hot springs. They can cause a fatal neurological infection called primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) if they are inhaled through the nose when a person is engaging in water-related activities, such as swimming. Naegleria belongs to the family of amoebas that contain an enzyme known as amebapores, which make them capable of traveling up the nose, where they then become lodged in the brain where they feed on the brain’s tissue and other cells.
Symptoms of Brain-Eating Amoeba Naegleria
The symptoms of PAM typically begin within two to seven days of infection with Naegleria, and the most common symptom is a severe headache. Other symptoms may include fever, nausea, vomiting, stiff neck, confusion and seizures. In some cases, symptoms can progress rapidly and the person may become unconscious. If left untreated, the illness can become fatal.
There is no known cure for Naegleria infection. However, there are some preventative measures that people can take in order to protect themselves from contracting the infection.
Preventative Measures
Firstly, it is important to avoid swimming and other water-related activities. Playing in warm freshwater bodies such as lakes, rivers, and hot springs can be dangerous. If you absolutely have to enter a warm water body, it is important to wear a nose clip. You can put Vaseline or some type of nose cover around the nostrils to prevent the entry of water. It is also important to keep your head out of the water, as amoebas can enter the body through the nostrils.
It is also important to maintain good hygiene. Always wash your hands before and after handling any fresh water source. Additionally, it is important to filter or disinfect any water you come in contact with. Especially if you are using it for drinking, showering, or any other recreational activity.
Conclusion
People should also seek immediate medical attention if they think they may have symptoms such as strong headaches or high fever. Early diagnosis is key in order to ensuring a successful treatment plan.
Overall, brain-eating amoebas (Naegleria) are a serious public health threat that can lead to a fatal neurological infection. However, there are steps that people can take to protect themselves and their families from this potential hazard. With proper safety precautions and prompt medical attention, the chances of surviving an infection are higher.
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